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WilliamShakespeare(baptised26April1564;died23April1616)[a]wasanEnglishpoetandplaywright,widelyregardedasthegreatestwri好香terintheEnglishlanguageandtheworl来自d'spre-emi360问答nentdramatist.[1]HeisoftencalledEngland'snational外德沿功界poetandthe"BardofAvon".[2][b]Hissurviv硫略称ingworks,includingsomecollaborations,consistofabout38plays,[c]154sonnets夫倍表名德苏困牛状,twolongnarrati势六场阻缩批vepoems,andseve价村白现季甚每ralotherpoems.H象层只难妒损专联isplayshavebeentranslatedintoeverymajorlivinglanguageandareperformedmoreoftenthanthoseofanyoth取马erplaywright.[3]
Shakespearewasbornandr也尽续黑质过界液aisedinStratford-upon-Avon.Attheageof18,hemarriedAnneHat绿己haway,withw远百转说homhehadthreechildren:Susanna,andtwinsHamnetandJudith.Between1585and1592,hebeganasuccessfulcareerinLondonasanactor,writer,an据指终dpartownerofaplayingcompanycalledtheLordChamberlain'sMen,laterknownastheKing'sMen.Heappear究例却紧stohaveretiredtoStratfordaround1613,wherehediedthre静孩蛋此送怀皇eyearslate良毛模握r.Fewrecords溶况专世天ofShakespeare'sprivatelifesurvive,andtherehasbeenconsiderablespeculationaboutsuchmatters径众先发城又ashisphysicalappearance,sexuality,religiousbeliefs,andwhethertheworksattributedtohimwerewritte脚氧迫职地贵策失的怀nbyothers.[4]
Shakespeareproducedmostofhisknownworkbetween1589and1613.[5][d]Hisearlyplaysweremainlycomediesandhistories,genresheraisedtothepeakofsophisticationandartistrybytheendofthesixteenthcentury.Hethenwrotemainlytragediesuntilabout1608,includingHamlet,KingLear,andMacbeth,consideredsomeofthefinestworksintheEnglishlanguage.Inhislastphase,hewrotetragicomedies,alsoknownasromances,andcollaboratedwithotherplaywrights.
Manyofhisplayswerepublishedineditionsofvaryingqualityandaccuracyduringhislifetime.In1623,twoofhisformertheatricalcolleaguespublishedtheFirstFolio,acollectededitionofhisdramaticworksthatincludedallbuttwooftheplaysnowrecognisedasShakespeare's.
Shakespearewasarespectedpoetandplaywrightinhisownday,buthisreputationdidnotrisetoitspresentheightsuntilthenineteenthcentury.TheRomantics,inparticular,acclaimedShakespeare'sgenius,andtheVictoriansworshippedShakespearewithareverencethatGeorgeBernardShawcalled"bardolatry".[6]Inthetwentiethcentury,hisworkwasrepeatedlyadoptedandrediscoveredbynewmovementsinscholarshipandperformance.Hisplaysremainhighlypopulartodayandareconstantlystudied,performedandreinterpretedindiverseculturalandpoliticalcontextsthroughouttheworld.
